The rapid advancement of computer science and information technology, together with their extensive deployment in real-world production systems, has triggered an explosive increase in data volumes ...

Assume data \(|D| = n\) where \(D \subset {\mathbb {R}}^d\). k-NN classification 11 for a query point \(p \in D\) only has two steps: (1) To compute the distinct Euclidean distance pairs e(p, q) ...